Drawing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Drawing - Essay Example It is rather clear that the intention of Kollwitz was to make a connection between near-death situation and the â€Å"actual death†, which is being symbolized by the skeletal hand. The darker shades on her left arm and biceps suggest of a deteriorating body condition – Kollwitz was experiencing the degeneration of her body as death slowly takes her. There is also a great significance on the manner in which Kollwitz positioned her hands, particularly her fingers. Her index finger implies a weakening physical motor functioning. This can be validated by the first three fingers which already narrowed down. Her right arm was rested on her left biceps, nearly touching the skeletal hand. This may mean that Kollwitz, perhaps sensing her very near death, surrendering herself to the hands of death. Technically, the skeletal hand in the lithograph symbolizes the hand of death. It seems like Kollwitz did not erase anything from her original sketch. This can be proven by the somewhat untidy descriptions of the outlines of the drawing. Generally, the lithograph does not look neat but are made of brisk shades. The initial gestures were indeed integral part of the drawing. The gesture represented that of her age – an old, dying woman; and this even show on her facial expressions. The movements of the hands are definitely very slow. You will see in the lithograph that there are no hues of rapid movements. The artists richly used lines and tones to define the scope of her drawing. The semi-thick outlines that formed her shoulders provided a clear description of the motives of the lithograph, that is, to portray a dying woman or person. I used charcoal in my drawing in order to recapture the intentions of the artist in her drawing. I had to make sure that the space is carefully used in a way that would subtly separate the body of the woman from the skeletal hand. By using charcoal, it adds more â€Å"dark† emotions to the paintings, which is very important in order to

Art as Expression Essay Example for Free

Art as Expression Essay The question of what art is cannot be properly answered without asking why art is. Prior to the advent of the written language, art was used as a means of communication, and in some ways, written language is in its own regard, art. Art, then, must be an expression of meaning by the artist, or potentially by the client that artist created the artwork for, but this assumption is altogether too broad. Art is not exclusively a private expression because it is left open to interpretation by the individual who looks upon it, and as such art can then be categorized as the representation through a variety of mediums, of whatever the beholder or artist thinks it should be. Which poses a greater question is something art if the individual who designed it had no intended message? Or visa versa is something art if the consumer of the artform does not perceive any message? I was at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art about a two years ago, and they had some very abstract pieces on display, all of which brought forth in me at least some semblance of a response, except for a piece by Robert Rauschenberg, call White Painting [three panel], that began a philosophical debate between my brother and I because I refused to call the â€Å"painting† art. To me, there was no way to interpret the three panels of white, they were simply empty canvases that Rauschenberg sold for substantially more than he bought them for. No soul, or emotion went into the piece and as I understand art, that does not qualify as any more than a man playing a abstraction crazy consumer culture for the fool. To backtrack, art in my eyes is the true expression of an artist to the consumer, for the purpose of provocation; art has to make something well up in a person, even if it is not enjoyment, even if it is sorrow, or anger. Art is the way we have always talked to each other as people, and the pure aesthetic painters and songwriters of the last century do not produce art. Art is emotion and passion mixing into something for others to partake in; there is no private art, there is only art that no one else has applied their own perceptions to yet.

Bladder Epithelium Essay -- Health, Diseases, Biopsy of the Bladder

Researchers believe that normal repair of the epithelial lining of the bladder does not occur in patients who develop IC (ARHP, 2008). One theory proposes that the bladder epithelium or lining of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) is damaged due to bladder injury and exposes the sensory nerves to irritants and triggers a noxious sensation. The damaged epithelium allows absorption of potassium and urea into the bladder wall (Klutke & Klutke, 2008). The damaged epithelium may lead to mast cell activation and the release of histamine. It is proposed that vasoactive, nociceptive, and proinflammatory molecules released from mast cells create neuronal sensitization and emit neurotransmitters that continue to stimulate the mast cells in the bladder and play an important role in the chronic and painful symptoms of IC (Sant, Kempuraj, Marchand, & Theoharides, 2006). There may be a possibility that heredity may play a part in some forms of IC. In a few cases, IC has affected a mother and a daugh ter or two sisters, but it is not usually familial (Clemens, Joyce, Wise, & Payne, 2007). Data has also shown that patients with IC have a higher incidence of certain immunological or allergic conditions. These conditions include allergies, irritable bowel syndrome, sensitive skin, vulvodynia, fibromyalgia, and migraine headaches (ARHP, 2008). Interstitial cystitis is divided into two categories: ulcerative or classic and nonulcerative or Messing-Stamey types. The classic or ulcerative type clinically presents with a diffusely reddened appearance to the bladder surface epithelium associated with one or more ulcerative patches surrounded by mucosal congestion. The ulcers are called Hunner ulcers. Hunner ulcer upon cystoscopic examination is the ... ...nage this condition the patient must maintain a relationship with her primary care provider, be diligent with tracking her symptoms and managing her diet and medications (ARHP, 2008). Differential Diagnosis The ARHP suggest that the differential diagnosis of IC include other causes of pelvic pain and urinary complaints. These include urinary tract infections, overactive bladder, gynecological chronic pelvic pain, endometriosis, and bladder carcinoma. The effects of certain drugs may also cause these symptoms. These drugs include cyclophosphamide, aspirin, NSAIDs, and allopurinol (ARHP, 2008). These need to be excluded as part of the diagnostic process. Review of Literature Several research articles have been reviewed in order to identify the most recent evidence based practice techniques for diagnosing and managing patients with interstitial cystitis.

The Impact of Information Technology on Marketing Strategies for Health

Information has become the most valuable commodity in any market. Utilizing accurate information about customers and their interests is vital for successful marketing activities. In today's fast paced, highly competitive markets, companies must make marketing decisions quickly or risk losing their competitive edge. Using information technology (IT) allows companies to gather, analyze, and utilize large amounts of customer information. This information is used to reduce risk and uncertainty in decision making and maximize the profitability of marketing activities. IT also allows companies to evaluate the success, benefits, and profitability of IT investments, marketing strategies, and other business ventures over long periods of time. Today utilizing IT is essential in all aspects of marketing activities and successful marketing is not possible without the use of IT. Marketing in healthcare involves unique challenges which other markets do not face. According to Shaw (2008) "healthcar e marketers promote a service that is complicated, expensive, and even frightening." Most people do not want to imagine themselves needing healthcare products or services and usually reject information concerning the statistical chances of their future medical needs. As a result, traditional marketing techniques like directing products and services to specific consumers or broadcasting brand images are often ineffective in healthcare markets. In order to maintain a marketing advantage, healthcare marketers started moving toward a consumer driven marketing approach focused around consumer wants, needs, and expectations. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of IT on the marketing strategies of healthcare organizations. The rapid expans... ...ult, healthcare organizations have started marketing campaigns focused on patient privacy and cyber security. References Berisha-Namani, M. (2013). Information technology, internet, and marketing. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 4(1). doi: 10.7903/ijecs.1116 Kotler, P., & Clarke, R. N. (1987). Marketing for health care organizations (p. 265). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Rooney, K. (2009). Consumer-Driven Healthcare Marketing: Using the Web to Get Up Close and Personal. Journal Of Healthcare Management, 54(4), 241-251. Shaw, G. (2008). Department Focus: Marketing–Lessons from the Field. Online article on HealthLeaders Media website. White, K. R., Thompson, J. M., & Patel, U. B. (2001). Hospital Marketing Orientation and Managed Care Processes: Are They Coordinated?. Journal Of Healthcare Management, 46(5), 327. The Impact of Information Technology on Marketing Strategies for Health Information has become the most valuable commodity in any market. Utilizing accurate information about customers and their interests is vital for successful marketing activities. In today's fast paced, highly competitive markets, companies must make marketing decisions quickly or risk losing their competitive edge. Using information technology (IT) allows companies to gather, analyze, and utilize large amounts of customer information. This information is used to reduce risk and uncertainty in decision making and maximize the profitability of marketing activities. IT also allows companies to evaluate the success, benefits, and profitability of IT investments, marketing strategies, and other business ventures over long periods of time. Today utilizing IT is essential in all aspects of marketing activities and successful marketing is not possible without the use of IT. Marketing in healthcare involves unique challenges which other markets do not face. According to Shaw (2008) "healthcar e marketers promote a service that is complicated, expensive, and even frightening." Most people do not want to imagine themselves needing healthcare products or services and usually reject information concerning the statistical chances of their future medical needs. As a result, traditional marketing techniques like directing products and services to specific consumers or broadcasting brand images are often ineffective in healthcare markets. In order to maintain a marketing advantage, healthcare marketers started moving toward a consumer driven marketing approach focused around consumer wants, needs, and expectations. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of IT on the marketing strategies of healthcare organizations. The rapid expans... ...ult, healthcare organizations have started marketing campaigns focused on patient privacy and cyber security. References Berisha-Namani, M. (2013). Information technology, internet, and marketing. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 4(1). doi: 10.7903/ijecs.1116 Kotler, P., & Clarke, R. N. (1987). Marketing for health care organizations (p. 265). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Rooney, K. (2009). Consumer-Driven Healthcare Marketing: Using the Web to Get Up Close and Personal. Journal Of Healthcare Management, 54(4), 241-251. Shaw, G. (2008). Department Focus: Marketing–Lessons from the Field. Online article on HealthLeaders Media website. White, K. R., Thompson, J. M., & Patel, U. B. (2001). Hospital Marketing Orientation and Managed Care Processes: Are They Coordinated?. Journal Of Healthcare Management, 46(5), 327.

Keller graduate school marketing plan Essay

Organics on The Go has developed an intricate holistic marketing plan that incorporates a comprehensive IMC approach to ensure success for the company at large and ensure all financial objectives are met. A marketing schedule, coupled with strategic audits will further help to bolster demand for the product line and evaluate and ensure energy and equity are built into the brand over the coming year. Included in the plan is a contingency program that strategically aligns all departments to the overall mission with strategic executive leadership to vercome potential upheavals, or problems that may arise from a number of outside factors. Based upon this, Organics on The Go plans for a successful, profitable year due to an exceptional marketing platform via this plan. Situation Analysis Organics on the Go is an emergent company now entering into its first year of production. However, Organics on the Go faces several critical issues to surmount: 1 . Gain, maintain and grow a loyal customer base. 2. Foster strong brand quality, image and overall market recognition. 3. Overcome competition in a market segment with increasing entrants. 4. Jse a holistic marketing approach that targets the growing our competition, within the budget constraints of an emergent company. Several macro environmental forces need to be deeply considered, some which are enabling and positive, some which can prove hindrances if not properly managed. Positive environmental factors include: 1 . A sharply growing demand amongst the American public and overall national growth figures. 2. Increasingly positive social trends towards healthier, additive free foods. Negative concerns could include: 3. Cost of vendors and suppliers, for the inputs for Organic’s on the Go’s Production. . ncreased regulatory/compliance issues through government regulation of what, where and how organic food products must be produced and what may be contained within them. 5. Competition within the market that will likely continue to increase and new entrants arrive in the market. Organics on the go has the ability to tailor products that mean the publicâ€⠄¢s demand for organic foods where other companies fall short in that we produce 100 percent organic food and provide organic meat in our meals, all with exceptional convenience found normally with highly processed foods. Organics on the Go will leverage the unique coupling of organics with onvenience at affordable pricing. Market Summary: The organic food market can be defined as the market for products which are grown or produced naturally that is without chemicals of any sort and generally free of any additive, food coloring or preservative that is not naturally occurring within that product and that may be harmful to the consumer. The target market segments of the organic industry include majorly: Health enthusiasts Fitness enthusiasts Dieters Individuals who allergic to additives, dyes etc. Demographic Information: Research conducted by Rachael L. Dettman in her presentation to the USDA wrote: Organic produce: Who’s Eating it? A Demographic Profile of Organic Produce Consumers† indicates some strong demographic characteristics of the organic consumer: 1. White Collar individuals 2. Reside in less populated areas such as suburbia 3. Are generally below age 40 4. Hold degrees As the major grouping of organic food purchaser demographic and characteristic indicators ( Dettmann, pg. 6) Market Size and Growth: As of 2012 the total revenues of the organic market had grown to 27 billion back in 2012 and continues to grow at an average rate of about 7. % during the recession, ith a growth rate that has continued to increase and exceed analysts’ expectations according to the findings of the USDA. (USDA, pg. 1) However, the exact number of people that comprise the whole foods customer base is still not known with credible certainty, but is believed to be well within the millions in the USA alone.

Free Essays on The Rise Of The Third Reich

The â€Å"happy time†, many Germans called it. With Adolf Hitler they were partners in one of histories greatest success stories. From humiliating defeat in World War 1 they had risen to become masters of Europe. They considered themselves to be the super race. Later many would say that the people were tricked or compelled by terror; others would insist that Hitler answered the deepest German desires. How did it happen that an ancient and cultured people, steeped in Christianity, cultivating the arts and sciences, and preeminent in modern technology collapsed into savage barbarism in the mid twentieth century? To seek the answers we must look back to the turbulent years between 1920 and 1934. At the end of WWI the Allies proposed the treaty of Versailles to Germany. The treaty was the complex product of such Allied considerations as human and material losses; mutual war debts; minority and nationalist lobbying; and public opinion in Allied countries, and legitimate national security concerns of the â€Å"once bitten, twice shy† variety. Skillfully the German generals forced the leaders of Germanys new Weimar republic to carry the brunt of defeat. Helpless symbols of national dishonor it is they who will be accused of betraying Germany to her enemies. For one man, 29, unknown and without prospects defeat would bring opportunity. This man was Adolf Hitler. The myth of German betrayal would be a major weapon in the struggle for power that he would call Mein Kampf. Already impoverished by war, Germany would then pay the cost of losing it. Her army reduced to a token force, Germany became a nation of scavengers while former enemies stripped her of territory, merchant fleet, raw materials and food. The infant republic was at the mercy of other enemies. Germany became an armed camp swept by clashing extremists, by conspiracy and political murder. In Bavaria, Berlin, and the Ruhr rightists and leftist attempted to seize control by revolt... Free Essays on The Rise Of The Third Reich Free Essays on The Rise Of The Third Reich The â€Å"happy time†, many Germans called it. With Adolf Hitler they were partners in one of histories greatest success stories. From humiliating defeat in World War 1 they had risen to become masters of Europe. They considered themselves to be the super race. Later many would say that the people were tricked or compelled by terror; others would insist that Hitler answered the deepest German desires. How did it happen that an ancient and cultured people, steeped in Christianity, cultivating the arts and sciences, and preeminent in modern technology collapsed into savage barbarism in the mid twentieth century? To seek the answers we must look back to the turbulent years between 1920 and 1934. At the end of WWI the Allies proposed the treaty of Versailles to Germany. The treaty was the complex product of such Allied considerations as human and material losses; mutual war debts; minority and nationalist lobbying; and public opinion in Allied countries, and legitimate national security concerns of the â€Å"once bitten, twice shy† variety. Skillfully the German generals forced the leaders of Germanys new Weimar republic to carry the brunt of defeat. Helpless symbols of national dishonor it is they who will be accused of betraying Germany to her enemies. For one man, 29, unknown and without prospects defeat would bring opportunity. This man was Adolf Hitler. The myth of German betrayal would be a major weapon in the struggle for power that he would call Mein Kampf. Already impoverished by war, Germany would then pay the cost of losing it. Her army reduced to a token force, Germany became a nation of scavengers while former enemies stripped her of territory, merchant fleet, raw materials and food. The infant republic was at the mercy of other enemies. Germany became an armed camp swept by clashing extremists, by conspiracy and political murder. In Bavaria, Berlin, and the Ruhr rightists and leftist attempted to seize control by revolt...

How to highlight transferable skills in a resume or cover letter

How to highlight transferable skills in a resume or cover letter If you’re currently considering a career change, you’re probably finding that the gap between where you are and where you want to be feels more like a gaping chasm. And you’re no doubt wondering how on earth you’re going to prove to an employer that you’re a good fit for a role you’re under-qualified for (at least on paper). Fortunately, there’s a way to shrink that gap: by drawing recruiters’ attention to your transferable skills. These are strengths and abilities honed in previous jobs that can also be applied to other (distinct) positions – skills like time management, problem-solving and research.To make these softer competencies work for you, it’s important that you build a resume and cover letter that clearly calls them out. In other words, you need to do the work of making the connections between your background and the job at hand for hiring managers.Here’s how to put together a job application thatà ¢â‚¬â„¢ll support a successful career jump.Identify your relevant transferable skillsFor every position you apply for, first carefully consider which of your transferable skills are most worth highlighting. Start by examining the job description and picking out required competencies listed there that you feel confident you possess. Ask yourself, â€Å"Which of the skills that I developed in job/industry A will be useful in job/industry B?† Think about strengths you’ve gained from side gigs and hobbies too – these are equally valuable.Use applicant tracking systems (ATS) to your advantageWhen choosing words to describe your transferable skills, bear in mind that the ATSs that many companies use to screen resumes rely heavily on keywords. If you match your wording to the language used in the job ad precisely, you improve your chances of being identified as a match and potentially landing an interview.Consider how best to demonstrate your skillsIt’s all well and good to say you’re an analytical thinker or team player, but you need to convince employers of this claim. How? By quantifying your transferable skills and illustrating how you’ve applied them previously. Think about past accomplishments and objectives you met in former roles, and express these in numbers as proof that you can do what you say you can. The idea is to impress employers enough to shift attention away from your inadequate employment record.Give your transferable skills a leading role in your resumeThere are a number of ways you can draw attention to transferable skills in your resume. Pick the route that feels right for you.Change up your resume formatOne way to make sure your relevant strengths are noticed is to create a combination resume, which first lists your key transferable skills, backed by accomplishments, and only then details your work history in reverse chronological order. Alternatively, you could opt for a nonchronological functional res ume, which sorts competencies into categories, with examples, achievements, and experience listed as bullet points below each header. It’s a good way to keep the focus off your career path, but be warned- the absence of specific details might frustrate recruiters.Separate out your relevant skills and experienceIf you’re concerned your transferable skills might get lost on your resume, then give them their own sub-section. Divide ‘Key Skills’ into ‘Related Skills’ and ‘Other Skills’ and, similarly, split up ‘Work Experience’ into ‘Related Experience’ and ‘Additional Experience.Start with an objective statementInstead of a summary statement, kick off your resume with an objective statement that explicitly addresses the fact that you’re changing careers and highlights how your skills will travel well into this new industry. A statement like this should positively impact the lens through which re cruiters read the rest of your resume. While the resume objective statement is for the most part dead, the one time it’s okay to is in a career shift situation.Shift the focus of your cover letterGood news is, if you’re battling to communicate how well your skills translate in your resume, you have another chance to do so in your cover letter. Just remember the following:Concentrate on the skills you do haveIt may feel necessary to acknowledge your lack of industry experience in your cover letter, but rather than focusing on the negatives, use this precious space to highlight the value you can bring. Show how confident you are about your ability to do the job by getting straight to those invaluable transferable skills of yours.Use a format that gives prominence to your transferable skillsWhile most candidates will opt for a more traditional letter format that outlines their work history, if you’re changing careers, it makes more sense to structure the letter aro und your relevant abilities. Pick three or four key transferable skills you possess and organize the body of your cover letter around them – you could even dedicate a paragraph to each and call them out with bolded subheadings.Author Bio:LiveCareer offers assistance to job seekers at every step of the journey. Access free  resume templates  and  resume examples, plus a  cover letter builder  and advice on how to answer  interview questions  of all stripes.

Cómo puede un extranjero divorciarse en Estados Unidos

Cà ³mo puede un extranjero divorciarse en Estados Unidos  ¿Pueden  divorciarse todos los extranjeros que residen en los Estados Unidos con independencia de su estatus migratorio y sin que importe el paà ­s en el que se casaron? Para evitar problemas es conveniente conocer los puntos bsicos que se explican a continuacià ³n, asà ­ como cules son los problemas migratorios que pueden surgir por un divorcio y, por à ºltimo, quà © debe hacerse para que un divorcio en Estados Unidos tenga efectos legales en el paà ­s de origen. En el caso de desconocer dà ³nde se encuentra la persona de la que se quiere divorcia, es posible buscarlo en varias bases de datos oficiales de Estados Unidos. La importancia del estado a la hora de divorciarse en Estados Unidos En Estados Unidos, los asuntos de matrimonio y divorcio son competencia de los estados. Esto significa que las reglas pueden variar de uno a otro. Sin embargo, en todos los estados van a pedir que se cumplan al menos dos requisitos.   En primer lugar, que se pruebe la identidad de la persona que solicita el divorcio. Cada estado tiene un listado con todos los documentos que se admiten, como  la licencia de manejar, la tarjeta de residencia permanente, el pasaporte o la matrà ­cula consular. En segundo lugar, excepto en los casos de Alaska y Washington, se pide que la persona que se quiere divorciar pueda probar que reside en el estado en el que solicita el divorcio. En este punto las reglas varà ­an enormemente. Por ejemplo, en Dakota del Sur es suficiente probar que se vive en ese estado en el momento de iniciar los trmites. Pero ese es un caso excepcional, ya que la mayorà ­a de los estados piden probar residencia por 90 dà ­as, 180 dà ­as o, incluso, un aà ±o. Entre los estados que exigen residencia por ms de 352 dà ­as se encuentran Connecticut, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, Nuevo Hampshire, Nueva Jersey, Nueva York, Rhode Island y Virginia Occidental. Algunos estados, adems, piden un mà ­nimo de tiempo de residencia en el condado en el que se presentan los papeles. Por ejemplo, en California se exigen 180 dà ­as de residencia en el estado, de los cuales 90 tienen que ser en el condado en el que se solicita el fin del matrimonio. El estado en el que una persona se divorcia es importante por varias razones. En primer lugar, porque cada estado regula las causas por las que es posible solicitarlo. En Estados Unidos dos de cada tres estados permiten lo que se conoce como no-fault divorce,  es decir, querer divorciarse es razà ³n suficiente para solicitarlo y obtenerlo. En los otros estados hay que cumplir con alguno de los requisitos que se refieren al incumplimiento del acuerdo matrimonial por alguno de los dos cà ³nyuges. En segundo lugar, los estados pueden exigir que se notifique a la otra parte el inicio del procedimiento de divorcio en lo que se conoce en inglà ©s como service of process. Se pueden admitir diferentes formas para realizar la notificacià ³n, pero en el caso de personas con un cà ³nyuge fuera de los Estados Unidos este requisito puede ser, en ocasiones, difà ­cil de cumplir, pero no por ello puede ignorarse. Y, en tercer lugar, las leyes del estado en el que se dicta el divorcio van a decidir sobre aspectos como divisià ³n de las propiedades, si las hay, custodias de hijos, y pensiones de alimentos o de sostenimiento (conocidas en inglà ©s como child support y alimony, respectivamente). Efectos migratorios del divorcio Cualquier persona que reside habitualmente en Estados Unidos puede divorciarse, cumpliendo con los requisitos del estado en el que solicita el divorcio. El procedimiento tiene lugar en la corte civil y depende del estado. Esos datos no se comunican con inmigracià ³n. Sin embargo, un divorcio sà ­Ã‚  puede tener consecuencias migratorias en tres casos: 1. En primer lugar, las personas que obtuvieron una tarjeta de residencia por matrimonio y se divorcian podrà ­an perderla, dependiendo del momento y de las circunstancias de la finalizacià ³n del và ­nculo matrimonial. Aunque la situacià ³n es ms delicada para las personas que desean divorciarse antes de levantar la condicionalidad de su green card, lo cierto es que los efectos pueden darse incluso cuando ya se tiene la tarjeta de residencia definitiva. El  problema aparece cuando se solicita la ciudadanà ­a por naturalizacià ³n y ya consta el estado civil como divorciado. 2. En el caso de divorcio en el que la pareja tiene hijos en comà ºn, puede establecer una pensià ³n de mantenimiento para los menores. En el caso de incumplirse el pago de la pensià ³n de alimentos puede haber consecuencias civiles, penales y tambià ©n migratorias que pueden ir desde multas, penas de prisià ³n y anulacià ³n del pasaporte, hasta negacià ³n de beneficios migratorios como la tarjeta de residencia o la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense por naturalizacià ³n. 3. En tercer lugar y con aplicacià ³n para todas las personas extranjeras en Estados Unidos, los casos de bigamia son causa de deportacià ³n y de denegacià ³n de la adquisicià ³n de la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense por naturalizacià ³n. La bigamia se produce cuando una persona est casada con otras dos al mismo tiempo. Por esta razà ³n conviene pensar bien el casarse en Estados Unidos sin antes divorciarse pensando que las autoridades estadounidenses nunca se van a enterar si hubo o no matrimonio previo en otro paà ­s. En estos casos, muchas veces se enteran por denuncias anà ³nimas que crean problemas migratorios que son difà ­ciles o imposible de resolver, y no es posible pedir un waiver. Adems, hay el agravante de que si hay una condena por bigamia se anulan todos los beneficios migratorios obtenidos a partir del momento en que se produjo la bigamia. Quà © hacer para que el divorcio en EEUU tenga efectos legales en el paà ­s de origen Las personas extranjeras pueden divorciarse en Estados Unidos, sin embargo, eso no quiere decir que ese divorcio es vlido en sus paà ­ses de origen o que produzca efectos legales automticamente. De hecho, existen dos formas completamente diferentes sobre cà ³mo otros  paà ­ses pueden contemplar un divorcio de uno de sus nacionales obtenidos en Estados Unidos. En primer lugar, se encuentran aquellos paà ­ses que no le reconocen ningà ºn valor legal y exigen que sus connacionales se divorcien en el paà ­s de origen, en persona o a travà ©s de un representante legal. Es, por ejemplo, el caso de Mà ©xico Asà ­, si un mexicano se casa en Mà ©xico pero vive  habitualmente en Estados Unidos, debe divorciase en su paà ­s. Si no quiere o no puede viajar a Mà ©xico, puede firmar un poder notarial a favor de un abogado o de una persona de confianza para que le represente en Mà ©xico durante los trmites de divorcio. Para realizar esos trmites puede cerrarse una cita con Mexitel. Tambià ©n existe un grupo de paà ­ses que sà ­ reconocen el valor legal de un divorcio obtenido por sus nacionales en Estados Unidos. Sin embargo, para que produzca efectos legales se exige que se lleve a cabo un trmite adicional para registrar dicho divorcio. Como ejemplo puede citarse el caso de los colombianos, ya que en Colombia se reconoce la validez de un divorcio dictado en Estados Unidos, imponià ©ndose solo la obligacià ³n de realizar lo que se conoce como exequtor ante la Sala Civil de la Corte Suprema. Solo se puede solicitar cuando la sentencia es final y ya no caben apelaciones o peticiones de nulidad. Adems, el requisito del exequtor tambià ©n rige para otros paà ­ses, por ejemplo, Perà º. Otros paà ­ses que tambià ©n optan por reconocer la validez del divorcio que sus connacionales obtienen en Estados Unidos piden diferentes trmites. Por ejemplo, Argentina da la opcià ³n de registrar y dar publicidad al divorcio dictado en Estados Unidos mediante su inscripcià ³n en el Registro Nacional de Estado y Capacidad mediante un procedimiento judicial o uno consular. Debido a que las reglas cambian segà ºn el paà ­s, lo recomendable es que cada migrante consulte con su embajada para determinar cules son los pasos a seguir y antes de proceder a obtener la apostilla de la Haya en el documento de divorcio, informarse sobre si ese trmite es necesario, ya que no es barato. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Justice Scalia's Fundamental Rights Research Paper

Justice Scalia's Fundamental Rights - Research Paper Example Constitution as an instrument to protect the fundamental rights of citizens in America. The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is concerned primarily with the fundamental rights of citizens of the United States. Based on the, 14th Amendment, â€Å"all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law† (Legal Information Institute). Simply put, the 14th Amendment limits the power of Congress and other federal and state powers to discriminate against individuals. The 14th Amendment is the document of equal protection that outlaws individual rights violations. Since the 1970s, the 14th Amendment has been used as one of the central tools of legal def ense against labor and employment discrimination. However, not everyone agrees that the 14th Amendment is a valid argument against discrimination. When a public figure as popular as Justice Scalia expresses a divergent opinion, it is natural and logical that the public reaction will be immediate. In one of his recent interviews, Justice Scalia expressed an opinion that the 14th Amendment has nothing to do with discrimination and individual rights: according to Scalia, the U.S. Constitution by itself does not outlaw discrimination (Terkel). Rather, the Constitution simply provides the basis and creates a legal context, which allows passing legislation that outlaws different forms of discrimination against individuals (Terkel). Justice Scalia is confident that the Constitution does not prohibit discrimination, and it is within the power of U.S. legislators, not the Constitution, to enact laws that defend the fundamental rights of American citizens. As a result, the Fourteenth Amendmen t can hardly serve a relevant ground for legal protection against sexual and gender discrimination in the workplace or in courts. To some extent, Justice Scalia is correct: the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was passed with the intent to keep illegal immigrants and aliens from accessing and using the benefits provided by U.S. Government. This is why the 14th Amendment limits the scope of the legal rights protection to citizens or those naturalized in the United States (The 14th Amendment). It was not before the 1970s that the legal meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment was changed to become one of the key instruments and legal arguments against sexual and other types of individual discrimination in the U.S. Even today, the 14th Amendment remains the source of major legal controversies, since there is no explicit statement that could be directly related to the issue of sexual or gender discrimination. However, the role which the Fourteenth Amendment plays in the protecti on of individual rights and the elimination of inequality and discrimination cannot be ignored. Simultaneously, Justice Scalia’s homophobic prejudices are well-known to the American public. It is no wonder that Scalia does not believe the 14th Amendment and its equal protection clause applies to women, gays or lesbians (LaVictoire). In the notorious case of Lawrence v. Texas Justice Scalia claimed

Proposal of literature review of proportional hazards model Research Paper

Proposal of literature review of proportional hazards model - Research Paper Example Most survival modeling examines the relationship between survival and one or several predictors. The survival library in R and S-PLUS also holds all of the other commonly used tools of survival analysis. Below is a brief description of the proportional hazards (Schoenfeld 499). Let z = {x, y †¦} be a vector of 1 or several explanatory variables supposed to affect lifetime. These variables may be incessant, for example, temperature in engineering studies, or dosage level of a given drug in medical tests or better still, they may be indicator variables with the value 1 when a given factor or condition is present (Schoenfeld 500). Let the hazard rate for a nominal set z 0 = (x 0, y0†¦) of the variables be set by h 0 (t), with h0 (t) indicating legitimate hazard function for unspecified life distribution model. In this regard, the proportional hazards model supposes that we can note the modified hazard function for a new value of z as: Given a log-linear model assumption for g (z), and with no additional suppositions concerning the life distribution model, it will be possible to analyze investigational data and figure out utmost likelihood estimates. Additionally, it would be possible to use likelihood ratio tests to decide which explanatory variables will are extremely significant. In this study, a series of trials on treatment of cancer will be conducted. The study will seek to assess the importance of chemotherapy and radiation therapy over radiation therapy alone. The following data from the study group will be used for the purpose of elucidating the effect of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. A total of 80 patients will be treated with radiation therapy alone in the first round, while the same patients will be treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Prognostic factors will be age and whether patients will have necrosis in their surgical

Critically analyse how the government debt problems initially faced by Essay - 3

Critically analyse how the government debt problems initially faced by a few relatively small economies could trigger such a wide impact in financial markets - Essay Example for what are all the more strictly trades, associations that encourage the exchange monetary securities, for instance, a stock trade, or merchandise trade. Much exchanging of stocks happens to a trade; still, corporate activities are outside a trade, while any two organizations or individuals, for whatever reason, may consent to offer stock from the one to the next without utilizing a trade. Exchanging of monetary forms and bonds is generally on a reciprocal premise, albeit a few bonds exchange on a stock trade, and individuals are building electronic frameworks for these like stock trades. The European debt emergency began as a little neighbourhood arrangement stun in Greece; however, it now undermines the survival of the euro with possibly broad results for the world economy. Since December 2011, budgetary markets have balanced out sort of, however principal issues stay unsolved. These emergencies are because of crucial monetary improvements, for example, development and aggressiveness, and mostly to uncooperative conduct between the principles arrangement creators in Europe. One of the conundrums of this emergency is that, notwithstanding all its issues, the euro has remained moderately firm in its inward (swelling) and outer quality (conversion scale). Money related markets might be concerned with a few parts of the euro region, essentially in the south, however, in any case they see the euro as significant cash on the planet (Arezki, Candelon, & Sy 2011). Then again, the euro will just keep up this part if European governments can get the sovereign debt emergency under control. The experience has demonstrated that Europe needs a much tighter type of monetary legislation if it needs to satisfy the aspiration of giving the worlds option hold cash. While an arrangement of occasions has continuously developed the European debt emergency, it is critical to recognize sudden stuns and basic essential issues in Europes financial legislation. Their collaboration has

Effect of recession or credit crunch on telecom companies case study Research Proposal

Effect of recession or credit crunch on telecom companies case study ORANGE - Research Proposal Example The cascading effect has made the companies to think about the ways and means to handle the crisis. The telecom sector which initially gave indications of defying the recessionary trends has also started feeling the pinch. Saverio Romeo, the ICT analyst at Frost & Sullivan recently said that, the IT sector is going to be hit mainly in two ways1; Technology has brought about many changes in almost all spheres of life. Information technology in particular has proved to be a great influence towards transforming the way we communicate, listen to radio broadcasts, watch television broadcasts, impart education, search for information, track the movement of processes and services etc. Telecom sector is the key beneficiary of the IT revolution. Today, a simple mobile instrument can be used for services like, mobile-banking, storing songs, m-commerce, handy television receiver, net-surfing etc. besides serving as a telephone instrument. Telecom companies are making fullest use of this fusion in ICT by coming out with a number of schemes for retaining the existing customers as well as for attracting the potential customers. Reputed brands like 'Orange' have been investing in Research and Developmental activities as well. 'Orange Labs' from the France Telecom-Orange Group play a leading role in carrying this trend forward. With the he lp of a strong team of about 5,000 researchers, marketers, and engineers the company has been actively on way to provide best available services to its customers. But the moot question is how long they can sustain such efforts if recession continues longer. Efforts will be made through this study to figure out how companies are moving forward to contain the damage. Objectives of the Study This study is primarily being undertaken to study the telecom sector in general and how the recessionary trends are impacting the sector. With the help of examples like that of Orange, efforts will be made to find out concrete policies, if any, being undertaken by the companies in this direction. The study will try to seek answers to the following key objectives; i. Analysing the growth of the telecom sector in the last couple of years ii. Analysing some of the previous challenging situations that the telecom sector went through, and how the sector was able to pass thru iii. Analysing how some of the leading telecom companies have been performing in the recent past. iv. Analysing the policies being adopted by some of the governments in different parts of the world to help the telecom sector. v. What constructive role the Government as well as other stakeholders can play to see that the telecom sector is able to sustain the crisis like situation. Research Methodology The research will be carried out with the help of; i. Existing literature on the subject from government database, telecom sector companies, international organisations or other reliable sources available on the internet. ii. By going out in the field and assessing the ground reality by way of soliciting the views of users/ consumers in the sector iii. By seeking the opinion of the some of the experts in the field, from private sector as well as from the

Thinking Critically Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Thinking Critically - Essay Example The delegates on the other hand failed to consider their state of the national issues and their importance to the public. Declaring the meeting confidential as a result implied a deviation from ethical values of transparency and respect for the rights of public to information access (Ruggiero, 2011). Critical thinking determines ethical issues through its control of human actions and beliefs depending on an individual’s understanding and hence belief. The press should inform the public. The delegates, on the other hand, want to secure their discussion. Need to inform and the need to ensure confidentiality of the meetings discussions are in conflict. There is also a conflict between personal ethics and profession. The society needs to equip itself with a mentality that appreciates critical thinking (Moore, 2010). Critical mentality helps curb any future appeal to the mass, in this case, the press. Critical approach to issues will enable the use of value-based ethical thinking to avoid conflict of obligations and the possible consequences of such counteracting needs (Ruggiero,

Effect of recession or credit crunch on telecom companies case study Research Proposal

Effect of recession or credit crunch on telecom companies case study ORANGE - Research Proposal Example The cascading effect has made the companies to think about the ways and means to handle the crisis. The telecom sector which initially gave indications of defying the recessionary trends has also started feeling the pinch. Saverio Romeo, the ICT analyst at Frost & Sullivan recently said that, the IT sector is going to be hit mainly in two ways1; Technology has brought about many changes in almost all spheres of life. Information technology in particular has proved to be a great influence towards transforming the way we communicate, listen to radio broadcasts, watch television broadcasts, impart education, search for information, track the movement of processes and services etc. Telecom sector is the key beneficiary of the IT revolution. Today, a simple mobile instrument can be used for services like, mobile-banking, storing songs, m-commerce, handy television receiver, net-surfing etc. besides serving as a telephone instrument. Telecom companies are making fullest use of this fusion in ICT by coming out with a number of schemes for retaining the existing customers as well as for attracting the potential customers. Reputed brands like 'Orange' have been investing in Research and Developmental activities as well. 'Orange Labs' from the France Telecom-Orange Group play a leading role in carrying this trend forward. With the he lp of a strong team of about 5,000 researchers, marketers, and engineers the company has been actively on way to provide best available services to its customers. But the moot question is how long they can sustain such efforts if recession continues longer. Efforts will be made through this study to figure out how companies are moving forward to contain the damage. Objectives of the Study This study is primarily being undertaken to study the telecom sector in general and how the recessionary trends are impacting the sector. With the help of examples like that of Orange, efforts will be made to find out concrete policies, if any, being undertaken by the companies in this direction. The study will try to seek answers to the following key objectives; i. Analysing the growth of the telecom sector in the last couple of years ii. Analysing some of the previous challenging situations that the telecom sector went through, and how the sector was able to pass thru iii. Analysing how some of the leading telecom companies have been performing in the recent past. iv. Analysing the policies being adopted by some of the governments in different parts of the world to help the telecom sector. v. What constructive role the Government as well as other stakeholders can play to see that the telecom sector is able to sustain the crisis like situation. Research Methodology The research will be carried out with the help of; i. Existing literature on the subject from government database, telecom sector companies, international organisations or other reliable sources available on the internet. ii. By going out in the field and assessing the ground reality by way of soliciting the views of users/ consumers in the sector iii. By seeking the opinion of the some of the experts in the field, from private sector as well as from the

The Rape Charge Filed by the Complainant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Rape Charge Filed by the Complainant - Essay Example It is the onus of the Crown to prove a guilt that erases reasonable doubt to overcome the presumption of innocence that should exceed the evidentiary threshold (Fisher, 2011, p. 811). It was only after the second assault that she filed the rape complaint maybe out of spite of her uncle or it might be that she finally mustered enough courage to come out in the open to file the charge. A number of aspects in the case R. v. W. (1991) stand out, of which three are unusual. Firstly, the case is essentially that of which side to believe because of the lack of usual corroborating testimonies from other witnesses and this case becomes a case of his word pitted against hers. In other words, this case hinges on credibility as to which side seems to be the more truthful, the complainant or the defendant. For the jury, as sole judges, it all boils down to exercising their best judgment based on common sense and any prior everyday experiences as it relates to this particular case. In this regard, it is not quite unusual for rape victims not to file any charges immediately after an incident for various reasons, such as fear of retribution or shame. It is therefore quite understood why she decided to file a complaint only after a second assault took place. Some victims even take weeks or months before finally deciding to file a complaint, a considerable lapse of time when essential forensic evidence of a crime may have disappeared. Secondly, it is quite unusual for the trial judge to warn the jury not to start deliberating yet as there might be some corrections pertaining to the first charge filed when it was agreed by both parties to be essentially correct and fair (error-free). What is even more unusual was a short time that elapsed between the main charge and the re-charge, incontrovertible evidence or proof that the judge himself may have entertained some doubts as to the correctness of the first charge and making the re-charge almost as a second thought or  an afterthought to rectify something else.

The following is an analysis of the IKEA Essay Example for Free

The following is an analysis of the IKEA Essay The following is an analysis of the IKEA case study found in the Strategic Management Text book. This analyses the strategies used by IKEA to gain competitive advantage in markets outside its original area. The report begins by providing a background into IKEA. It studies International Business Level Strategy and the three international corporate level strategies. The case study goes into informing its target market and pricing strategy, which is already discussed. This case study further says how different people in different parts of the world thinks about IKEA, how elegant their designs are and how affordable for them to purchase IKEA products. Some of IKEA’s main markets are in three of the fastest growing markets such as Russia, US and China. IKEA store bring out products such as furniture to small product like a scented candle. IKEA has over 1300 suppliers in about 53 countries. They further have 12 full time in- house designers with 80 free lancers and other production workers to identify the correct raw materials and produce products ef? ciently and cost effectively. Primarily, IKEA produced standardized products however; this international strategy did not work for one of its vital markets that is, US. Therefore, they had to emphasize on taking corrective actions. The report also analyses the entry methods used by IKEA and its sustainability. IKEA was founded by Ingvar Kamprad a native of Sweden in 1943, when the founder, at the age of 17 was given money by his father in return for doing well in his studies. This money was used to start up his own company, IKEA, which stood for his intials and the ? rst letters of the farm and village in which he grew up. The company initially sold basic items such as pens, picture frames, table runners, wallets, jewellery, nylons stockings and watches, at a low price(History of ikea, 2010). Furniture was ? rst introduced into the IKEA range of products in 1948, and due to a positive response, the product line increased in size. Customers were allowed the ability of viewing and touching the furniture that was previously only viewable through catalogue. IKEA opened a showroom in Sweden to create a competitive advantage, due to a price war with their main competitor, so that customers could determine whether they were getting value for money. Finally IKEA made the decision to design its own furniture due to competitors trying to make suppliers boycott IKEA products. The â€Å"? at-packs and self assembly† concepts arose when an employee disassembled a table in order to prevent damage during transport (History of ikea, 2010). In 1963 the ? rst IKEA store outside of Sweden was established in Norway. From this point on, IKEA began to spread like a wild? re, ? rst to Denmark, then Switzerland, Germany, Australia, Canada, Austria and Netherlands. Many alliances were struck up with different suppliers in order to introduce new products, together with new concepts, which led to costeffectiveness. One example was an innovative, multifunctional seat/recliner, which was made by utilizing a denim, a raw material from another industry, which could be obtained at a low cost. In 1980, together with the new furniture concepts being born at certain intervals, IKEA was looking to expand to further markets, and did so through franchising. To ensure continuation and long term independence of IKEA, the founder created a new ownership structure and organisation. The major portion of IKEA was donated to a foundation, while the right to franchise the IKEA concept worldwide remained with the IKEA group of companies. In the 1990’s, the IKEA market expanded not only geographically, but in terms of target market. The company began to design furniture that catered expressly to children. A website was launched to cater to the many markets that were now open, and the children’s line was enhanced on consultation with experts on with experts to develop play areas, room settings, and baby areas within the stores themselves. Kitchen-ware and kitchen areas were another concept developed in this period. IKEA also began participating in a number of forestry projects to ensure sustainability, by taking responsibility for developing acceptable practices and policies in countries where IKEA works. IKEA Case Study 4 Company Outline IKEA is a world renowned furnishing company reputed for selling Scandinavian-style furniture and other home-based goods. The company has 230 stores, with operations carried out in over 42 countries with well over 70 000 employees. The stores themselves can host 410 million shoppers per year. It is a Swedish based company built on the idea of offering a wide range of well-designed, functional home furnishing products such low prices, that a majority of people will be able to afford them. The IKEA group is currently solely owned by the INGKA Foundation through a holding company, unlisted on any stock exchange. The vision at IKEA is to â€Å"create a better everyday life for the many people†(Ikea, 2011). The main business of IKEA supports this vision, by the manufacture and selling of a wide range of home furnishing products at an affordable price. Since the ethos of IKEA is to make good quality products at an affordable price, the company has succeeded in development of costeffective and innovative production methods. This has been the company’s focus since its inception, and the company has succeeded in doing so by making the maximum use out of raw materials, and adapting the products to meet people’s needs. 04-02-18 Currently, in addition to the historical additions to the IKEA range, customers can now shop online. Other innovations include 2 the boards with patterns created on them directly, called â€Å"print on board†, in addition to a concept known as â€Å"product !! Expert where returned products are repaired instead of equipment etc where possible. recovery concept†functions such as IT, food services, retailbeing thrown awayoperates under economies of scale and is supportive to the basic operations !! IKEA of Sweden AB is responsible for the range design, purchase from etc The majority of the operations occur within the retail business; while IKEA does developmentexternal suppliers, in addition !! Inter IKEA systems B. V (The Netherlands) owns the IKEA concept and trademark which the company produces its own products through their industrial group known as Swedwood. is bought by the retail operations but is also sold to outside operators on a franchising basis !! The furniture is purchased through purchasing operations (trading service offices) in 33 countries with 1800 suppliers in 55 countries. !! The distribution operations covers 25 regional distribution centres in 14 countries supplying goods to the stores !! The retail operations are geographically organised with a specific organisation for Retail Europe

Brand Loyalty Through Emotional Advertising Media Essay

Brand Loyalty Through Emotional Advertising Media Essay Many authors have discussed about what is emotional advertising and its importance over rational advertising but very little work has been done on building brand loyalty through emotional advertising. In this paper I will give a theoretical based view of how we can generate brand loyalty through emotional advertising. Plus what are the drivers of emotional appeal and how to achieve emotional satisfaction through advertising and its experience. Keywords: Emotional advertising, brand loyalty, drivers of emotional appeal, emotional satisfaction and experience Introduction McGuire (1969) argues that there is no difference between emotional appeals and rational appeals in terms of the effectiveness or emotional appeals are more effective. Holbrook and Hirschman (1982) suggested that emotional appeals come from the emotional, experiential side of consumption. Choi and Thorson (1983) found that emotional ads were better than rational ads by most recall measures. Emotional appeals make a brand liked or friendly (Batra and Ray 1985). Where, Kotler and Armstrong (1991, 426-427) define emotional appeal as an: attempt to stir up either negative or positive emotions that can motivate purchase. These include fear, guilt, surprise and shame appeals that get people to do things they should or stop doing things they shouldnt. Communicators also use positive emotional appeals such as love, humor, pride, hope and joy. An appeal, according to Manrai et al. (1992), is the basic idea behind an advertisement or the basic reason why an audience should act. Emotional appeals are often strategically employed to influence consumers indirectly and make the consumer feel good about the product (Calder and Gruder 1989) relying on feelings for effectiveness (Aaker et al 1992). When it comes to changing the message receivers beliefs about the advertised brand (Stafford 1993), Emotional appeal ads may have rational appeal components while rational appeal ads can have emotional appeal component respectively. Stafford (1993) suggests that both types of meanings occur in all ads and only case by case does the balance vary. However, Aaker, Stayman and Hagerty (1986) found a positive relationship between the level of warmth created by a commercial and the attitude toward the ad Page, Goldberg and Gorn (1987) also reported more positive reactions for emotional appeal advertisements than for informational appeal advertisements. Thorson and Heide (1990) also found that emotional advertisements may be more effective and memorable than rational advertisements. One of the most critical concerns advertisers express about television advertising is the potential decline of the persuasive impact on TV spots because of increasing clutters in the media environment. To make advertising appeals more distinctive and hence, perhaps more persuasive, advertisers frequently use dramatic emotional ads messages designed to shock the emotions and make the brain itch (Moore 1989) Such advertising executions often feature high impact, sensually evocative appeals that stimulate strong positive emotions (e.g., the Hallmark greeting card ads dramatizing precious moments and nostalgic memories in life). However, advertisers also employ graphic and sensational negative emotional advertising messages such as those used by insurance companies, healthcare institutions, drug and alcohol abuse clinics, food manufacturers exploiting consumers fears of cancer and cardiac diseases (Alsop 1988), and public service agencies making appeals to prevent child abuse or to promote the use of contraceptive devices (LaTour and Pitts 1989). I have gone through the definitions of emotional advertising from different authors given in different times. Their thoughts and findings are similar somewhat but also vary as the time changes, from these definitions we can get a clear view about emotional advertising and to some extend its importance. Emotional advertising leave a deeper effect and can persuade viewers immensely, but can emotional advertising also develop band loyalty? Very less work is being done from this perspective. I will talk about brand loyalty through emotional advertising and what are the drivers of emotional advertising. Emotional Advertising The human spirit is a rich reservoir of powerful emotions; Passion, ambition, vanity, love, desire, fear, hope and much, much more. Emotional advertising arouses these emotions to get our attention, to touch us more deeply and to persuade us more effectively. Emotional advertising discovers how a product truly fits into a persons life and how it satisfies an emotional need. When that truth is revealed and understood, it becomes possible to create a more honest, relevant and lasting relationship between the consumer and the product. Ideas and the executions that are conceived and created to awaken, stir and stimulate emotional responses produce advertising that is new, unexpected and audacious, advertising that is most persuasive and provides the greatest return on investment. Emotional Advertising drivers Emotions matter because if we do not have them, nothing else would matter (Elster 1999) To make an ad impactful one should be very careful while choosing the drivers because these drivers are the soul of the ad, only wisely chosen drivers can make an ad generate brand loyalty through its experience. In my opinion the basic drivers of emotional appeal are given as under: Figure shows Drivers of Emotional Appeal Brand Loyalty through Emotional Advertising Basic purpose of emotional advertising is to engage more and more viewers into the ad and ultimately influence them to buy the product. As we know that marketings basic function is to target the need of people while emotional appeal aim the hidden feelings behind that need, and then eventually through this we can create brand loyalty. Figure 2 shows brand loyalty through emotional advertising Emotional Satisfaction through Advertising and Experience Future belongs to emotional advertisement. Most of the advertisers try to find out those minor points which were never taken out before, they seek to create something new which is not new and they try to explore that side of emotions that have yet not being tested. The best strategy is to blend emotional appeal with rationale appeal, but in this more percentage is of emotional appeal and less is of rationale appeal. As we have discussed earlier that emotional appeal is to target the hidden emotion of the viewer and then relate it with the advertised product. Emotion is very important is advertising, here we take an example of Dove. When dove started is Campaign for Real Beauty theme is 2004. Prior to this time, the brand communicated largely rationale benefits, such as its moisturizing properties and mildness. It mainly used testimonial-style advertising, but, with little sense of uniqueness, vibrant or conceiving personality, its growth was limited. The Campaign Real Beauty aimed to build the brand at an emotional level by conveying a more self-governing, independent, natural and iconic vision of beauty. In doing so, Dove made women who were tired of trying to live up to the idealized and unachievable standards shown by other brands. Almost overnight, Dove changed from being dull and inactive into a highly distinctive and admired brand with a resulting huge uplift in sales across its entire range and finally it paid off in the shape of growth of its brand loyalty. Future Research

Repressed Memory Essay -- Psychology Essays Memory Neurology

Repressed Memory If someone asks me, "Where were you on September 11, 2001?" I would be able to give that person an accurate answer. It seems impossible to ever forget the events of that day. How could one forget such a traumatic day? It seems like life changing events would stay with a person forever. However, there are many victims of, let's say, child abuse that cannot remember the actual abuse. The memories of such horrors have been erased so there is no recollection of the events. Being a skeptic, I am not sure if I would be able to forget such horrific events. Repressed memories can also be recovered, through therapeutic treatment. It seems odd how people can forget certain traumas, but still able to remember others. How does memory actually work, and how can one selectively repress certain memories? Memory and the I-function seem to be closely related. Memory allows individuals to store and retrieve information gained from previous experience. It can then be used to predict human response to certain stimuli. Optic neurons often "make things up as it goes along". The I-function relies on memory in order to do this. Memory is used to perform tasks such as comprehension and production of language, reasoning, and recognition of declarative. Memory is also necessary for skill acquisition. Different models of memory have been proposed. One is that there is a limited capacity for the amount of information that can be stored. Memory can decay, and the longer a memory has been stored and not used, the less available it will be. As new information enters the memory, it may be harder to access other information and cognitive system seems to be less efficient (2). Memory consists of three basic functions: enco... ...althier than repressing them. I do not quite fully understand why the brain would repress memories in order to protect the person. The mind is a web of mysteries, and memory repression is just on thread of the web. References 1)Elizabeth Loftus, http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro02/web3/www.muskingum.edu/psychology/psyweb/history/loftus.htm 2)About Memory, http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro02/web3/www.acm.org/sigchi/chi96/proceedings/doctoral/Bryne/mbd_txt.htm 3)Mechanim of Memory http://www.wm.edu/psych/psy201efr/intro_72.htm 4)Encoding memory, http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro02/web3/www.brainchannel.com/Memory/encoding/encoding.html 5)Skeptic's Dictionary, http://skepdic.com/repressedmemory.html 6)Process Healing, http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro02/web3/www.process-healing.com/description.htm

Human Resource Is the Most Important Asset of an Organization

Nowadays many organizations like to emphasize on gaining a competitive advantage in the market. The advance equipments, new technology, good marketing strategic, excellent customer services and many other elements can be the factors to build up for the advantages. However, human resource is still the most important element to determining the success or failure of an organization. Without their support, the organization daily business function will not be done well and ready. Human resource is always related to one organization profitability and their ability cannot be replaced by machines. As is discussed by Hargreaves and Jarvis (1998: 3) The skills, knowledge and experience of each individual contribute to the growth of organizations, communities and nations. Such valuable human talent can be thought of in terms of human capital and is one of the primary requirements for national economic development. 138 Strategic human resource management is playing an important role as organization development in today’s competitive market. Organizations recognise the importance of focusing on the human factor to contribute ideas in order to improve the productivity. They design the recruiting plan to approach talent peoples, training and develop them in order to perform those competencies. The organization put in affords to meet the expectation of the employees so that create a workplace atmosphere among the employees (Upson, 2011). Ironically, while human resources are the most important asset in an organization, they are also the cost involved during the training activity. As is stated by Outlow (1998), the organization suffers the cost if they employed the wrong candidate for the job. Such costs can be calculated in direct and hidden cost. Direct cost can be considered as recruitment advertisement, conduct new training for new staffs, medical check up and so on. Also, the company will found the hidden cost in such that way of lower morale among old employees. Some of the organization will try to approach the peoples which are lack of working experience and not qualified enough as required for the job, here may cause some of the clients lost their loyalty towards the organization due to the poor customer services. Therefore, the organization must be smart to engage, select and retain the talented employees in order to maintain the organization productivity. 228 Human resource development programs always contribute a lot of benefits to the organization. George and Singh (2000 :14) defines The role of human resource development is provide the individual with the learning experience necessary to fill the gap in an employee’s knowledge and skill, to ensure his continued ability to perform efficiently and effectively in his job, and thereby contribute to the productivity of the organization. Since it has been note the major factor affecting the organization productivity is the human factor, many organizations willingness to invest human resources development program in the areas of communication skills, problem solving ability, leadership qualities, creativity and others related skills. Employees are able to obtained new skills and knowledge in the training programs in order to contribute to the organisational development such as productivity improvement, preparation for organization’s growth, developing the learning culture and so on. The effectiveness of the training programs can evaluate and monitor regularly in order to increase the employee performance and thereby increase the productivity. Therefore, trainer who has to decide how to choose and manage the trainees, assist them in learning new skills and also develop their personality by change the trainee’s behaviour. 160 Organizations always encounter many challenges to retain those valuable employees. They always spent plenty of times to deal with employees who have intention to leave their job position. In fact, management should find out the causes what makes the employees feel satisfied about their job. The result is not only reduces employee turnover, but also greater commitment to the organization and the job they are doing. Every employee have different goals and motivation for work, the organizations must understand what employees really needs and wants and implement the strategies in order to retain the resources. Sirota et al (2005) mentioned the employees have their basic human needs that management should work for it. Creating an environment in which all requires are met not only can satisfied the employees but also enthusiastic them. Also, creating a financial package with good remuneration can attracts and motivates the employees is essential for stable workforce. A happy and healthy workplace makes the employee satisfaction increased and come out the high productivity. Always keep them happy and engaging them, allow them growing in the organization. Another key point to retain the talents which is maintains the good relationship with employee by communication. This theory holds that always create an opportunity to open and begin the conversation with the employees. This will helps to promote the proactive solutions to the problems before it reach a critical level cause an employee to consider leaving Sirota et al (2005). From the proper conversation between management and the employees, the organization in-house policies and regulations can comprehensively understand by the employees to ensure their compliance. These practices benefit both the organization and also employees. Phoenix(2010) noted that organization enjoys best performances of their employees while the employees enjoy the great benefits received from the company. 240 Every business begins from sales to customer service, it is all depends on employees to functional. Marcus (2010) mentioned, employee empower the business to keep running as usual even though the management is away. The organization can become more productivity and effectiveness if the employees have been sufficiently motivated and well trained (Rouda and Jr, 1995). Human resources really give a great impact to the contribution of an organization performance. They are the one who make things happen, that is the reason stated that human resource is the most important assets in an organization as they are the competitive weapon for a growing business in current competitive market.

Bono

Lashawna Green 09/18/12 Essay #1 Paul David Hewson aka: â€Å"Bono Bono gives other activist and singers a run for their money. Being the lead singer of the pop rock sensation U2 comes with extraordinary responsibilities. I found the acts of Bono extremely generous because I think he is the best singer producing angelic and pure sounds, his willingness to give to others with his time and money, and his international notabilities as an iconic mogul. The music of Bono can stir a blackened heart with fear and hate and implant hope and forgiveness.To me U2 music could lead a worldwide peace seminar. The song â€Å"Beautiful Day†, has to be my favorite because it just puts a smile on my face. Music like this appeals to me a great deal. The smooth sweet melody that makes me feel as though I’m on a cloud of happiness makes this song standout. And some fans of U2 could agree that Bono’s voice blends well with the musical sounds of the band. And their style has spun out so many great artist and musician. Like the band Coldplay’s music has greatly been influenced by Bono’s band. Known for his contribution worldwide Bono is a mogul.There are few people in the music industry who have the presence of Bono. The Irish front man of U2 knows no limitations when it comes to fighting poverty and hunger, and is constantly in direct contact with world leaders and policy makers in his quest to make the world a better place. He raises money to donate to charities and he has held concerts to also raise money to give the proceeds to charities as well. Bono showed the world the pretty side to rock stardom. Not with all the beautiful ladies surrounding him or even a drunken night of trashing the occasional hotel.No he showed us an activist, someone trying to make a difference with his star power and commenting present. He is a powerful person media industry, because he tells other stars to help put and he gets his family involved. Celebrities and famou s musicians could say they’ve given a large sum of money to a charity. But how many of them can honestly say they physically get out there and help with the cause? I know at least one that could definitely say they’ve helped out in such a way. Yeah, you guessed it Oprah. Oh I mean Bono. And even his family helps as well.Like when he developed an education program with his wife, Ali, that used one-act plays and songs to spread information on health, hygiene, and other issues. Bono and his wife had to take time and careful planning to want to inform the natives in Africa of these hardships in their homeland. It shocks me how he is fine with the idea that he could get exposed to the same harmful diseases that the people in the villages have, but he wants to help those who aren’t exposed. This makes him a brave and courageous human being looking out for the well-being of others who aren’t as educated as he has been. â€Å"One love, one blood.One life, you go t to do what you should. One life, with each other. Sisters, brothers†- One by U2. These simple lyrics from their most critically acclaimed song that states where Bono’s inner most thought on how the world should be carried throughout everyday life. His message rings deep within me. We as a nation and as a world shouldn’t focus on our difference and help those in serious need. We are one! Bono shows us that there is still goodness and wholesome hearts in humanity. Helping with local charity organizations could be all that normal citizens can offer but that’s more than nothing right?

Strategic risks †thinking about them differently Essay

One of the most important aspects to put into consideration when taking up a project is project risk management. A project risk is an event / condition, which is uncertain that, upon it occurrence brings either a positive or a negative impact on the project. A positive manager should consider this as one of the ten knowledge areas where competence is highly regarded. Risk management is critical, especially to organizations working in multi-project environments and the maturity for risk is high (Loftus, 1999). A wide range of risks is apparent when working in projects involving construction among other engineering work. These risks are mostly attributed to government policy, diversity in stakeholders’ aspirations and the challenges of adding multiple projects. For a good risk management process, there must be a clear statement and understanding of roles and responsibilities, proper skills on technical analysis and the prevailing organizational factors should support the project . Project risk management involves identifying, assessing and prioritizing of risks: and thereafter putting resources to use in order to reduce, monitor and control those risks that could affect the project negatively and increase realizing of opportunities (Jaafari, 2001). This report seeks to outline the knowledge acquired on management of risk in projects among other basic knowledge gathered on management of projects. Discussion             All organizations exist for their own different purposes, and that of public engineering organizations in the construction business, the purpose is to deliver a service, which brings a beneficial result in the public/ stakeholders interest (Harrison, 2004). Decisions to pump resources into investments on capital infrastructure are prompted by needs that are meant to enhance the achievement of the major purpose. According to Flanagan and Norman (1993), the benefits of efficient risk management are evident especially in projects involving capital infrastructure because they are dynamic in nature and bring positive cost implications from the construction related decisions. Risk management should be taken as an intrinsic part of capital infrastructure investment decisions mainly because, as project, ventures get more elaborate, the role of risk management is exemplified (Kutsch & Hall, 2010). Regarding this realization, some countries have enacted government policies on constructors emphasizing on the need to incorporate risk management in capital infrastructure schemes (Uher & Loosemore, 2004). Risk is therefore, in many occasions, viewed as a condition or event whose occurrence will have adverse effects on the project and may hinder the attainment of set objectives. Hence, risk management relates decisions to such probable harmful effects (Chapman et al, 2012). This philosophical approach to risk management enables the process to be broken down into four fundamental sub-processes (Culp, 2001). These involve identification, analysis, response and monitoring. The former step of identification is the most critical step because it has the biggest effect on decisions emanating from the process of risk management. Reviewing risk management, in his article, Williams (1995), notes that there is little structured work in publication about typical risks. According to Chapman (1998), as much as risk identification is critical on the risk assessment and response phases, very little empirical evidence is available at this early phase. The heavier task in risk management remains in the analysis and response to the risk, yet the reasoning stands that unless the risks are identified, they cannot be analyzed and responded to. For most engineers, the need to have a set out program is critical for it provides an umbrella under which all current projects fall so that an outcome can be delivered massively in general, and greater than the total sum of all others. A program is usually temporary, and flexible; created to direct and oversee the implementation of a set of related projects and activities for the deliverance of beneficial outcomes that relate to the organization’s strategic objectives. Several projects are undertaken under this umbrella. This explicitly differentiates between program management outcomes and project management outputs. However, there is a link between projects and strategy through the program. Risk management is becoming an increasingly important process due to external pressures in existence. However, good risk management is seen as a critical attribute of organizational success in the field of engineering. The assumption that programs are merely extensions of projects should cease to exist because many will tend to reflect program risk management to project risk management (Allan, 2008). Program management is a broad extension of the varied, yet related, projects. On projects, it is important to define one or more objective functions like capital expenditure and completion time to represent it to measure the probability of achieving the set targets. Risk management then goes on to model the project’s objectives against the projects variables like costs and the quantity of inputs. These variables are usually uncertain as time goes on, hence the uncertainty of a hundred percent achievement of the objectives set. The most ideal situation would be identifying and characterizing the variables in advance providing that they will remain unchanged by time. This would make it easy to estimate the possible risks and the consequent variance of the project’s objective(s). However, not all project variables can be identified as new variables might surface as the project goes on while the probability of occurrence of the initial variables may vary (Kerzner & Saladis, 2009). The impacts of the initial variables, both positive and negative, may change too hence making risk management even more hard (Drummond, 1999). Certainty and uncertainty of realizing a project’s objectives are measurable, only ideally. The possibility of a project not breaking even could be considered as a representative of the whole project: and then used in turn to evaluate against the variable and try to reduce the risks involved. This becomes a basis for decision-making. Some projects may proceed normally in a stable environment, hence making the uncertainty high at the time it is conceptualized. Pro-active planning and making prudent decisions will see the uncertainty reduce (Royer, 2001). However, uncertainty in complex projects within a changing environment will not necessarily reduce/ diminish as time goes by Chapman (1998). It is necessary to keep on checking on the project’s variables and re-evaluating of the objective function’s status to facilitate adjustments in the project’s strategies. Uncertainty surrounds many parts of a project; hence early resolution of variables may not be poss ible always. Variables change over time leading to exposure to new threats and risks along the way. This fact should not be refuted and a lot of work is required in the planning evaluating phases, where most of the critical work is done. In spite of all the uncertainty and complexity surrounding risk management and project management, it is important to seek methods of improving the project’s base value (Drummond, 1999). Conceptualization, planning, and implementation of a project are complex process that requires management based on set strategic objectives, which vary from time to time. The objectives should be integrative and holistic in the sense that it caters for social, political, environmental, and community aspects (Sears et al, 2010). Traditionally, planning in project management should form the basis of planning, alongside other functions of project management including; human resource, time, scope, integration, quality and procurement. These should be the fundamental factors f consideration along each phase. A variety of guidebooks, protocols and codes of practice in the engineering field have been made available for use in risk management in project management. In the United Kingdom, the ‘Orange book’ is a framework that is set to offer guidance on basic risk management concepts and as a resource for developing risk management processes and implementing them I the public sec tor (Aritua et al 2011). It is also aimed at using a risk based decision-making on investment. There have been many more publications and publications aimed at dictating hoe risk management should look like. These guidelines have offered a basis upon which projects are appraised and their investment viability tested. This has enhanced the process and shifted its reception and perception from project risk management to a risk management strategic level (Melton, 2011). In engineering and construction professions, program management and project management came to existence due to the changing procurement environment (Cox et al 2006). In the United Kingdom, procurement of infrastructural assets was done in a sequential manner, which involved a clear differentiation in the project life cycle phases. Currently there are three major procurement systems. These systems are prime contracting, Design and Build procurement and Private Finance Initiative (Aritua et al 2011). These methods were because of the need to adopt integrative and collaborative project delivery methods. The procurement systems have features like framework agreements, the use of specifications that are output based, and more importantly, emphasis on the lifelong value of the structures (Shehu and Akintoye, 2009). The office of Government Commerce has facilitated the change in construction procurement in the public sector too. The agency’s main agenda is to ensure that policies ar e followed and enhancing promotion of the best performance practices. These systems ensure that the project undertaken is of high quality and regard set policies and guidelines. These sanctions in the public works and construction sector have acted as strategic risk management tools for they ensure quality assurance as well as proper quality management. Project management should incorporate the use of a strategy-based management approach. This will facilitate the integration of planning, risk management and decision-making hence ensuring real time real time realization of an optimum of the project’s strategic objective against its variables (Schmidt, 2009). The project’s promoters are not always the investors. Investors are not always actively involved in the management of the project, but invest resources into the project hoping to get dividends. The promoters’ objective, on the other hand, is to deliver a facility that will ensure a long term balanced and financially viable business entity. The project is therefore a compromise between the attainment of investors’ interests and that of the community (Pinto & Morris, 2010). Project development should be based on a set of strategic objectives, which stamp the project as a business and entwining project decisions to strategic business decisions (Wearne, 19 89). Amid all risks, the project should be planned proactively regarding its variables and with a focus on the life cycle objective functions (Westland, 2007). All life cycle functions should be observed. These are: financial functions, customer satisfaction, and policy observance/ adherence to statutory concerns. Statutory concerns could be like those regarding projects adjacent to ecological systems or highly populated areas (Jha, 2011). Proactive planning of the project ensures real time minimization of risk. Effective risk management ensures that there is typical conceptualization of projects and their subsequent implementation using strategic objectives. It also ensures any further variables are assessed and managed accordingly to optimize the project’s strategic outcome, that which of a business entity (Heagney, 2011). Since projects are subjected to changes in objectives and variables due to external factors, it is important to incorporate a continuous risk management process that involves continuous risk and uncertainty management process conducted in real time to bring value to the project manager. Strategies made from risk analysis are a basis upon which decision-making is based going forward. Objectives of the life cycle are the vessel for analysis. Ethical practices are important factors to put into consideration when taking up/ procuring a project (Ralf et al, 2014). There exists codes of conduct and these codes may vary depending on the government regulations from one country to another. These codes guide management of projects, operations and supervision of work, and the technical aspect of the project, which is building. Since the work done is of great importance, the designed code of conduct and ethical measures should be used as they set standards for the output as well as achieving business objectives with the community in regard (Haukur et al, 2011). Reflective assessment Group activities that included vast research and group projects were vital in broadening my understanding of the project management theory, which of great importance to establishing and undertaking successful projects. According to Turner (1993), scope management is what the project management theory regards. Scope management involves three fundamental issues; ensuring that an adequate amount of work has been done, avoiding doing any unnecessary work and ensuring that the work done fulfills the intended business purpose as stated. The recognition of the sequential state in which activities are undertaken helped us as a group in determining what had to be done at a particular time and by what particular persons as well as accounting for what had been spent on completed work in anticipation of costs that would be accrued in the next steps. I came to understand project management by likening it to production operations management. The crystallization of project management theory to oper ations management theories made it easy for us to recognize the resounding reliance on the transformational theory, which is production oriented. This is because project management involves injecting inputs on which transformational processes occur to bring the result, which is the output (Nell, 1998). Goals are set on the output, upon which a basis for control is placed: control systems are put in place to ensure activities align with achieving intended goals and putting improvement measures in place. This deep understanding of the theory has been enhanced mainly by the critical analysis and discourse that we have engaged ourselves with in the group to widen knowledge on the process. Relevant knowledge on management theories on planning, execution and control has expanded from these activities as well as project theories pertaining flow of production (which projects have been likened with) (Sulliman, 2014). These productions method include incorporating techniques such as lean prod uction and just in time (JIT) (Gilbereath, 1922). Ethical practices in governance for contemporary organizations are also a major factor for consideration (Ralf et al, 2014). Conclusively, exploration on the area of project management has instilled in me management skills, which are very critical in handling projects and managing every aspect in them including risk. References Allan, N., Davis, J., 2006. Strategic risks — thinking about them differently.Proceedings of ICE 159 Aritua B., Nigel J. Smith, Denis Bower (2011) International Journal of Project Management. United Kingdom: University of Leeds Chapman, C. B., Ward, S., & Chapman, C. B. (2012). How to manage project opportunity and risk: Why uncertainty management can be a much better approach than risk management : the updated and re-titled 3rd ed of Project risk management, processes, insights and technoiques. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley. Cox, A., Ireland, P., & Townsend, M. (2006). Managing in construction supply chains and markets: Reactive and proactive options for improving performance and relationship management. London: Thomas Telford. Culp, C. L. (2001). The Risk Management Process: Business Strategy and Tactics. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Drummond H 1999. Are we any closer to the end Escalation and the case of Taurus? International Journal of Project Management Flanagan, R., & Norman, G. (1996). Risk management and construction. Oxford [u.a.], Blackwell Science.Gilbreath, R. D. (1992). Managing construction contracts: Operational controls for commercial risks. New York: Wiley. Harrison, F. L., & Lock, D. (2004). Advanced project management: A structured approach. Aldershot, England: Gower. Haukur, I. J., & Ingason, H. T. (2013). Project ethics. Farnham, Surrey: Gower. Heagney, J. (2011). Fundamentals of Project Management. New York: AMACOM. Jaafari A. (2001) International Journal of Project Management. Sydney: University of Sydney Jha, K. N. (2011). Construction project management: Theory and practice. New Delhi: Dorling Kindersley. Kerzner, H., & Saladis, F. P. (2009). Project management workbook and PMP/CAPM exam study guide. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. Kutsh E. &Hall M. (2010) International Journal Paper of Project Management. United Kingdom Loftus, J. (1999). Project management of multiple projects and contracts. London: Thomas Telford. Means, J. A., & Adams, T. (2005). Facilitating the Project Lifecycle the Skills & Tools to Accelerate Progress for Project Managers, Facilitators, and Six Sigma Project Teams. Hoboken, John Wiley & Sons. http://www.123library.org/book_details/?id=9130. Melton, T. (2008). Real project planning developing a project delivery strategy. Amsterdam, Butterworth-Heinemann. Nell, E. J. (1998). The general theory of transformational growth: Keynes after Sraffa. New York: Cambridge University Press. Pinto, J. K., & Morris, P. (2013). The wiley guide to project, program, and portfolio management. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. Ralf M., Rodney T., Erling S.A, Jingting S., Oyvind K. (2014). Ethics, Trust, and Governance in Contemporary Organizations. Norway: Project Management Institute Royer, P. S. (2001). Project risk management: A proactive approach. Vienna, Virg: Management Concepts. Schmidt, T. (2009). Strategic project management made simple: Practical tools for leaders and teams. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons. Sears, S. K., Sears, G. A., & Clough, R. H. (2010). Construction Project Management: A Practical Guide to Field Construction Management. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Shehu, Z., Akintove, A., 2010. Major challenges to the successful implementationand practice of programme management in the constructionenvironment: a critical analysis. International Journal of Project Management Suliman Saleh Al Fredi (2014) International Journal of Science and Technology. Saudi Arabia: Al Qassim University Uher, T. E., & Loosemore, M. (2004). Essentials of construction project management. Sydney: UNSW Press. Westland, J. (2007). The project management life cycle: a complete step-by-step methodology for initiating, planning, executing & closing a project successfully. Williams, T., 1995. A classified bibliography of recent research relating to project risk management. European Journal of Operational Research Zhang Lianying et al (2012) Procedia Engineering. China: Tianjin University Source document

Poverty and social status Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Poverty and social status - Essay Example Because of his overly suffered pains and no gains, he sometimes thinks about stealing from Mr. Ganesh Pai, the owner of the shop. The writer informs about Indian society and the lives of people who are totally different socially such as the politicians, rich children having ice-cream and poor carters laying in rain without any coverage and doing work more than their capacity. The treatment of rich people towards Chenayya and other people like him was very ill and odd. He was just treated as an animal that should perform his duties without troubling anyone else. Adiga reveals about the low status people of India in the character of Chenayya who compares himself with many animals in the story in order to reveal his position in his society. Firstly, he compared himself to a pig, then to an elephant and then to dogs. He had to continue his job of pulling carts in order to earn his livelihood. The greatest factor that is revealed through this story is that people do not even pay him according to his struggles. Chenayya is unable to earn good money, is disliked by people and even the prostitute is unable to give him any heed for which, he is very angry. He becomes very angry at times and wishes to hurt someone with his saw. He also abuses people while pulling cart and while moving in the traffic. His abusing and his anger are an outcome of his hardships. He has no place to live except the cart. He is unable to marry because of his inability to earn a livelihood that is enough for two. The writer of the short story sketches the life of a poor carter who thinks overly about his state of living and wishes to bring in some difference. However, the carter is unable to earn enough money even to fulfill his needs. The story reveals about poverty faced by the lower most class of Indian