Theodore Roosevelt Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Theodore Roosevelt Persuasive Essay THEODORE ROOSEVELTTheodore Roosevelt was more than just the 26th president of the United States. He was a writer, historian, explorer, big-game hunter, soldier, conservationist, ranchman and Nobel Peace Prize winner. It is not surprising that his life was known as The Strenuous Life. Theodore was born into a wealthy and socially prominent New York family in 1858. Although with a quick mind he was not blessed with a strong body. He suffered from life-threatening asthma attacks throughout his childhood. Spurred on by his father, Theodore began to build up his body by strenuous exercise, and by adulthood he had become a model of physical courage and toughness. Early Political Life.As a young man Roosevelt decided on a dual career; law and politics. At the time, New York politics was dominated by men involved in machine politics. We will write a custom essay on Theodore Roosevelt Persuasive specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Yet he persisted in getting to know and understand them, while at the same time attending Columbia Law School. Eventually he secured the friendship of a man named Joe Murray who was able to get him nominated as a 21st District State Republican Assemblyman. Together, with Murrays contacts and knowledge of machine politics and his own family and social connections, Roosevelt was able to easily win the election. He was 23 and in Albany. Theodore served three terms in the New York Assembly. Roosevelt was a delegate to the Republican convention, and as a matter of principle he vigorously opposed the leading candidates James G. Blaine and President Arthur. Roosevelt supported a reformer, Senator George F. Edmunds. In the end Blaine won the nomination, and this put Roosevelt in a difficult position. He did not believe that Blaine was honest, yet if he followed the example of other progressives and did not support him he realized he would be through in the Republican party. He supported Blaine. When Blaine lost Theodore received no political position, and his political career was over. Ranchman Roosevelt not only suffered political defeat in 1884 but deeply personal defeats as well. On the same day both his mother and wife died. These disappointments led to a radical change in Roosevelts life. He decided to move to the Dakota Badlands to become a rancher. At the time many people thought that this was a good way to become rich. The Dakotas were not like the East life could be a little wild and woolly. Resolution of disputes was done at the end of a gun, and thieves were often hanged as soon as they were caught. Roosevelt excelled at this rough and tumble way of life and earned the respect and devotion of the men around him. Roosevelt, however, did not excel at making money. He lost about half of his entire capital in ranching. But what he gained was, in the long run, of much greater value. The men he met there were to later join the famous Rough Riders whose exploits were the major impetus to his political success. In 1886 Roosevelt returned to New York to marry a childhood friend Edith Carow. Together they had a very successful marriage and produced five children in addition to Alice, Roosevelts child by his first marriage. Politics was still the place that Roosevelt wanted to be, but there were not many opportunities since his party was out of power. In order to support his family Roosevelt spent his time writing. This was not a new vocation for Roosevelt. Equally at home hunting for a book as hunting for a bear he wrote his first book The Naval War of 1812 while in law school and running for the New York Assembly. By the end of his life he had written and published dozens of books. .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa , .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa .postImageUrl , .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa , .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa:hover , .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa:visited , .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa:active { border:0!important; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa:active , .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue6c999ce9839e53a9c6e2fa0f45050fa:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Quantitative Methodology For Quantitative Research Essay Reformer In 1888 Roosevelt saw his chance to jump back into politics by campaigning for the election of Benjamin Harrison. When Harrison won he appointed Roosevelt to be a Civil Service Commissioner. It was with this job and later as Police Commissioner that Roosevelt made his reputation as a reformer. At the time both the Civil Service and the New York Police Department had serious corruption problems. Roosevelt did his best to clean up the corruption and make things work fairly. For example, as a Police Commissioner he took control of the police department, reorganized it, fired corrupt policemen and used to spend his nights walking through the city looking for policemen asleep on their jobs. Nationalist In the presidential election of 1896 the Republican William McKinley ran against the Democrat William Jennings Bryan. Roosevelt campaigned hard for McKinley, and he was rewarded by the job he coveted most Assistant Secretary of the Navy. It was during this time that Roosevelt first met William Allen White, a newspaper editor from Kansas. Whites autobiography paints Roosevelts personality perfectly ..and we sat there for an hour after lunch and talked our jaws loose about everything. I had never known such a man as he, and never shall again. He overcame me. And in the hour or two we spent that day at lunch, and in a walk down F Street, he poured into my heart such visions, such ideals, such hopes, such a new attitude toward life and patriotism and the meaning of things, as I had never dreamed men had. . ..so strong was this young Roosevelthard-muscled, hard-voiced even when the voice cracked in falsetto, with hard, wriggling jaw muscles, and snapping teeth, even when he cackled in raucous glee, so completely did the personality of this man overcome me that I made no protest and accepted his dictum as my creed. Being Assistant Secretary of the Navy provided this powerful young man his first chance to act on his foreign policy ideas. Roosevelt was a strong nationalist. He believed fervently that not only was the United States on the brink of becoming a world power, but that it had a responsibility and a duty to establish U.S. supremacy. For an explanation of these views in his own words see his speech The Strenuous Life. This faith in national supremacy spawned a host of related goals. In order for the U.S. to become a world power it needed to be able to transport its military quickly between the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans. At that time ships had to sail around the tip of South America to make that trip. If, instead, they could go through an isthmian canal it would cut weeks off the trip time. But having a canal meant that military control had to be established over the canal. To do this the United States would have to secure the Caribbean, and that in turn meant war with Spain. Spains empire in Latin America was just a sliver of what it had once been, but it still controlled Cuba and Puerto Rico. This is why Roosevelt zealously worked to promote the Spanish-American War. All wrapped around and through these ideas was the need for a strong navy. Toward this goal Roosevelt worked very hard while Assistant Secretary. He fought and pushed and prodded and on occasion was insubordinate in his efforts to strengthen the navy for war. His cause was helped enormously when the United States battleship Maine blew up in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898. This was just the sort of incendiary event needed to push the U. S. into war. The bombing was blamed on the Spanish even though nobody really knew who or what was responsible. War was officially declared on April 21, 1898. .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 , .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 .postImageUrl , .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 , .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40:hover , .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40:visited , .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40:active { border:0!important; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40:active , .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40 .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udb7f154efcc285df5b5f8c590f285a40:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Martin Luther King Jr Essay It would have never done for Roosevelt to be stuck behind a desk while a war was on. He was just itching to become a soldier. He quit the Naval Department and joined the Army as a Lieutenant Colonel. Together he and his superior officer, Colonel Wood, were responsible for raising volunteers for the 1st US Volunteer Cavalry regiment. By the time the war was over Roosevelt was the Colonel in charge, and his regiment, popularly known as Roosevelts Rough Riders, was famous. For Roosevelt the war was the event that catapulted him politically. It was only three more years until he was the President of the United States. New York Governor When Roosevelt returned from Cuba he was a national hero and political gold. Men were lining up to beg him to run for office. Tom Platt, the boss of the Republican machine in New York was no exception, except that he was not real thrilled about it. Platts political power base was big business, but here he was asking Roosevelt to run for governor a man that had an annoying tendency to do what he felt was right rather than heedlessly protect powerful business interests. Unfortunately for Platt finding a man that could actually win was a bigger problem a problem that Roosevelt could solve. When Roosevelt became governor in January of 1899 he fulfilled Platts worst expectations. He would not let Platt dominate his term or his decision making. In particularly he angered and defied Platt on the biggest issue of his term utility franchise taxes. At that time public service corporations did not pay taxes on their franchises. They did pay Platt to make sure it stayed that way. Roosevelt felt that government should not give preferential treatment to big business, and that it had an important role in its regulation. In the end Roosevelt prevailed and utility companies were forced to pay taxes. This enraged both Platt and his supporters. In a weird twist it was this anger that helped paved the way for Roosevelt to become president. In 1899 Garret Hobart, vice-president of the United States, died and in his death Platt saw his chance. He did everything he could to encourage the nomination of Roosevelt for vice-president. Others, with less selfish motivations, also thought it was a wonderful idea and applied pressure to both President McKinley and Roosevelt. Neither one of which was thrilled about the idea. McKinley had no particular interest in Roosevelt, and Roosevelts active nature revolted at the thought of having a ceremonial and impotent political position. In the end they both relented, Roosevelt accepted the vice-president nomination and their ticket went on to win the 1900 presidential election against William Jennings Bryan. Roosevelt resigned himself to being vice-president. Roosevelts next opportunity also came at the expense of another persons death. In September of 1901, less than one year into his new term, McKinley was shaking hands with the public at the Pan-American Exposition when a young man named Leon Czolgosz walked up to him and shot him twice. At first it looked like McKinley would survive the shooting, but

The Red Badge Of Courage Essays - The Red Badge Of Courage

The Red Badge Of Courage Essays - The Red Badge Of Courage The Red Badge of Courage The Red Badge of Courage is now universally recognized as a masterpiece, although when it first appeared in book form in 1896 (two months later in England than in the United States) it provoked mixed reactions. The English critics, in fact, brought it to the attention of the American public, which had generally ignored it. Those early readers who approved saw in it a "true and complete picture of war," a book which "thrusts aside romantic machinery" in favor of dramatic action and photographic revelation. Its critics attacked it for what they considered its utter lack of literary form - its "absurd similes," "bad grammar," and "violent straining after effect." Edward Garnett, however, praised its "perfect mastery of form," and Conrad, who had known Crane, said in 1926 that The Red Badge of Courage was a "spontaneous piece of work which seems to spurt and flow like a tapped stream from the depths of the writer's being," and he found it "virile and full of gentle sympathy! " while it was happily marred by no "declamatory sentiments." Throughout the first four decades of the century the book was variously praised and condemned for its naturalism or "animalism," its realism and its extraordinary style. V. S. Pritchett, writing in 1946, may be said to represent the prevailing opinion when he declares that Crane's "verisimilitude," his grasp of "human feelings," and his "dramatic scenes and portraits" give The Red Badge of Courage a place in the literature of war. It is only in the forties that serious literary analysis of the book begins. It had of course long been recognized that novels such as Zola's La Debacle and Tolstoy's Sevastopol and War and Peace had had some influence on Crane, and that he had made use of Battles and Leaders of the Civil War (which had first appeared serially in the Century Magazine) as well as accounts of particular campaigns; his brother William, for one thing, was an expert on the strategy of the Battle of Chancellorsville, and there are many parallels with this battle to be found in The Red Badge. But scholars like Pratt, Webster, Osborn, and Stallman began to call attention to the possible role played by less significant factors, like Crane's personal acquaintance with General Van Petten, an instructor at Claverack College, who might have provided him with a first-hand account of the Battle of Antietam. Crane may also have derived some less important conceptions from Civil War potboilers like Hinman's C! orporal Si Klegg or Kirkland's The Captain of Company K. Although Crane himself acknowledged an early influence by Kipling's novels, it was S. C. Osborn who pointed out that the famous "red wafer" image at the close of Chapter 9 probably had its source in Kipling's The Light That Failed, and who thereby inaugurated a discussion (maintained chiefly by R. W. Stallman) about the meaning of this image. The "wafer" may be a wax sealing wafer or it may be, as Stallman suggests, an allusion to the Christian communion wafer, but it lies at the center of the controversy concerning the alleged Christian symbolism of the novel. Discussions of the structure and total meaning of the novel date from about 1950. John Schroeder believes that Crane has not achieved a successful accommodation of antithetical elements: "War as man- made blasphemy" is not "distinguishable from nature's pattern of serene wisdom"; and he feels that the "putting off of the Old Man [by the youth] . . . is largely a matter of accident." R. W. Stallman, on the other hand, asserts that a consistent, meaningful pattern unifies the story. The Red Badge "is about the self - combat of a youth who fears and stubbornly resists change and spiritual growth. . . . Henry's regeneration is brought about by the death of Jim Conklin." Psychological and mythic criticism of a book whose action centers mainly about a "wound" was perhaps inevitable, and Maxwell Geismar (1953) explains that "Fleming's shame at his psychic wound . . . led him to yearn for the physical wound." The basic pattern of the narrative conforms to that of "acceptance after a t! rial by ordeal." Geismar further sees this as all a reflection of

Modern China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Modern China - Essay Example However, things have significantly changed during the twentieth century where traditions have been greatly rejected by the Chinese. Instead, they are turning to modern life by abandoning indigenous ways of dressing and practices for the modern way of life. This paper will try to describe the meaning of a nation according to empires, outline the revolution of making a new citizen in China, implications of the same, the techniques used as well as participants of the revolution process. The nation of China was long time ago composed of small communities until when transformation took place over the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The kind of leadership that was in place was quite different to the current one since centralization was in practice as opposed to decentralized leadership practiced today. The ruler of the state was an emperor the Son of Heaven who held the central position of cosmos (Harrison 2). Besides the emperor, there existed bureaucracy education with characteristics that clearly portrayed existence of modern China. However, it is worth noting that, the emperor was then perceived as world but not as a country. Nevertheless, this did not mean that the Qing courts could not recognize the presence of other nations since they could have negotiation with foreigners only that the negotiations could never be allowed to erase Chinese culture. Transition is no longer embraced by everyone especially illiterate ones, for example, primitive people could ea t a little human fresh but later after realizing that it was not right, some stopped the ordeal completely while others behaved as if they had stopped but still they could eat human fresh (Lu and Yang 9). The same happed during China transition where some people were ready to abandon culture and embrace new life style while others could not. However, failure to wholly allow foreign culture have impact on the Republic of China economy,

Population Changes and its Effect on Adult Education Research Paper

Population Changes and its Effect on Adult Education - Research Paper Example This specifically has become its advantage in the international trade considering that many multinational companies want to invest in China for profit maximization in particular. However, in some parts of the world, the increase of population has become a considerable problem of the government. In the case of developing countries, many people could not afford to go to school and get their degree due to the incapacity of the government to set enough budgets for free education for all. There are specifically many issues and these include socioeconomic factors that need to be faced. Maintaining a quality life in the case of highly populated nation has become a struggle especially in developing countries (Glewwe & Kremer, 2006). On the contrary, this may not be a great deal of problem in highly developed countries knowing that the government can afford to subsidize public education. However, in the case of highly populated countries, private institutions for education have become the sta ndard for quality education. Thus, these sectors are ensuring that their service is a cut above the other. This is their specific strategic move in order to entice students with their standard quality service in obtaining higher degree especially in adult education. The impact of population change on education Clearly, population change has become a considerable factor on how the system of education has been structured (Blanden & Machin, 2010; Climent, 2008). For instance, in Australia, there is a strong effort to promote standard and quality education amidst the rapidly increasing population. This has become its central focus considering that its economic standing in the world is so far one of the most great in contemporary time. The point of the country is to ensure that adult education has to be of high quality considering that the there is corresponding increase in population. However, in contrast, education in Africa for instance is remarkably poor knowing that there are other important issues that need to be addressed aside from it. There are other social issues that may be tied up to economic considerations. Food in Africa has become far more important than obtaining a degree. In line with this, it is clear enough that the country needs to focus on the problem from the basic point of view which particularly would involve population control. This example may be contrasting, but it is evident that the level of focus given on education can be influenced by population change. In the Philippines for instance, the country is currently debating on reproductive health bill. The current president of the country is very clear about its stand on the major impacts of population increase. This is the reason that he is strong in his stand for reproductive control issues. There is a need to certainly reduce the number of children that a family should have due to current status of the country. In fact, the current situation of the country is a concrete example how educ ation is compromised by high population. The government could not totally support the need of students for higher education due to high budget. The country has to allocate other budget. Thus, there are remarkable budgetary constraints. There are state universities in the country but there is always deficit on budget leading to poor educational

Information Security Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Information Security Management - Assignment Example The GhostNet systems also facilitate downloading of a Trojan called Ghost Rat that enables attackers to have control of the attacked systems on a real-time basis(Villenueve & Walton, 2009). That makes monitoring and identification of security breach a complicated process. The fact that it can operate the web cameras and microphones is just beyond.The system is not able to achieve the expected security in operation especially after an attack by GhostNet since it can send email messages from the infected systems to other users alluding to be the authenticate persons. The detecting users become victims since these emails have malware spread-out to them.b)The detail in the headings below how might apply each of the SSE processes in the above diagram have helped the case study organizations to avoid their vulnerabilities being exploited?PA02-5 Assess Impact; Security Risk; Threat; VulnerabilityThe result will be forming a foundation for security that will address requirements both in the organization, meet the needs of the policies and the law. It helps achieve set security objectives in the system.PA10 Specify Security NeedsIt involves identification of particular security that affects the system in the case apart from the general threats. That will ensure that the solutions derived directly address the particular system.PA09 Provide Security InputIt ensures that the designing of the system and it's architecting is based on the security needs initially identified.

Caring for Pressure Sores in Elderly People

Caring for Pressure Sores in Elderly People 107582 Caring for Pressure Sores in Elderly People with Circulatory  Problems from Long-Term Diabetes, in Nursing Homes Pressure sores are tears or ulcerations in the skin, that occur typically in the lower half of the body over ‘bony prominences’ that support the weight of the body during lying, standing, and sitting. The most typical areas that the elderly are prone to developing pressure sores include the heel, lower legs and feet, and lower back. The majority of pressure sores occur in people aged 70 or over through age-related health and lifestyle factors associated with the elderly. a) What physical care needs do such elderly people tend to have? Damage to the skin leading to pressure sores can cause wounds of varying degrees of severity, which have the potential to become infected. Physical care through wound treatment is thus essential and so effective co-working with medical staff colleagues like the community nurses will be very important for nursing home to manage. Prescribed medications to counteract infections and topical locations in order to aid healing are all part of the care routine for those with existing pressure sores. Also within wound treatment, dressings and bandages will need to be changed according to the patients care plan in order to minimize potential for infection. Physical care routines for elderly patients in nursing homes residential care can also involve taking actions in order to minimize the risk from pressures, as well as helping residents in wound treatment as outlined above. As diabetes will often incur the symptom of more frequent need for urination, incontinence may be particularly problematic as dampness in clothing, or in bed sheets etc, is likely to cause skin irritation and thus increases the risk from pressure sore. Physical care thus needs to involve frequent toilet visits, changes to sanitary hygiene products like pads, and changing bed clothes when necessary. Avoiding plastic bed padding is also preferable as plastic will trap dampness between the skin and the plastic and so could increase irritation. Foot care is a very important physical need that elderly diabetic patients will often require help with. Due to changes to the body’s circulatory system and reducing ability of the skin to heal and renew itself (turnover of epidermis can reduce by 50% in older age), once minor foot problems like in-grown toe-nails or blisters can lead to infections and potentially gangrene (in some instances requiring amputation). Ensuring patients / residents are wearing well fitting footwear and that toe-nails are kept short should be completed by staff. This risk from pressure sores is also increased by the reduction in sensitivity that aged-skin possesses – elderly patients simply may not be able to feel that skin ulcers or pressure sores are developing until they are well advanced, and so more difficult to treat, and for the body to heal. Therefore regular checks and skin assessment in risk areas on the body such as the feet should make up an important part of the care routine for elderly patients, who may not be able to do these checks themselves, or who may not have enough skin sensitivity to be aware of these problems as they occur. b) Why do such elderly people develop bed sores? Pressure sores (also known as bed sores) will come about through changes in the skin associated with ageing, severely restricted movement, and when there the body has circulatory problems and the health outcomes associated with poor circulation. Those older patients with diabetes particularly, will often experience circulatory problems, which are then compounded by the restricted movement and general reduction in mobility involved within the aging process, which puts repeated or prolonged pressure on certain points of the skin causing wear and tear that the body is unable to cope with. Elderly patients in general are susceptible to skin damage and pressure sores through the changes to their skin that make it thinner (dermal thickness can decrease by 20%) and weaker as they get older. These processes include the ‘loss of subcutaneous tissue, diminished pain perception, decreased cell mediated immunity, slowed wound healing, and the altered barrier properties of aged skin. These biological changes to the skin have the medical implications that the body’s local inflammatory responses will diminish which slows the healing process, and sensory loss in the skin may follow. These are particular factors that expose the elderly to pressure sores. In conjunction to the risk from age-related skin changes, the high number of elderly patients who have diabetes means that compromised circulatory systems can put people at even higher risk. This happens because diabetes affects the body’s ability to effectively regulate blood as the high levels of glucose that remain in the blood begin to damage the blood vessels, and it is this process that begins to inhibit circulation of blood around the body. Over time, poor circulation can have the effect where limb extremities begin to suffer and will start to change in the sensation they arouse – a feeling that is particularly common is tingling in the lower legs and feet. A change in sensation especially within the legs can be indicative of worsening circulation which can have serious implications if a pressure sore occurs. Poor circulation compromises the healing process meaning it takes longer for wounds to heal, and leave people more susceptible to developing infections and potentially gangrene. Change in sensation is also often coupled with sensory loss, where by people may be unable to feel when they have a pressure sore, and so wounds may be left untreated for some time if not regularly checked by self or others. The restricted movement which many elderly people in care homes experience also puts them at risk. Prolonged sitting or lying for people who have difficulty walking or who are bed-bound are those that are in the highest risk group. Hip-fractures, neurological disease paralysis from conditions such as stroke are common within elderly populations and so should be monitored accordingly. Strokes are often a problem for those with diabetes due to the damage that high levels of glucose causes to blood vessels, which can eventually begin to exert on the arteries, so elderly diabetic patients may suffer immobilization and sensation loss resulting from both strokes and poorer general circulation from the diabetes. c) Describe one Clinical Skill necessary to meet the relevant physical care need(s) of the patients. Describe how this skill would be applied. Devising a repositioning (regular turning) schedule may help to alleviate the stress on certain areas of the skin for those with restricted mobility or with general immobilization. As mentioned previously, elderly diabetic patients are likely to suffer poor circulation which can lead to change in skin sensation and eventually sensory loss over some areas of skin. Through this process people may sit or lie for much longer periods of time, or be unable to move at all; so increasing the stress placed on set areas of skin – younger adults for instance typically shift their body weight every 15 minutes, even whilst asleep. Physical care should thus include assessing the repositioning needs of individual patients or residents – some documents discuss a 2-hour turning schedule as a bench mark. The time needed between movements and turning of the body may however be greater for those at higher risk of pressure sores, such as though who have severe mobility restriction or immobilization; those who have existing wounds, those on sedating medications (and therefore may reduce their movements according to when on medication and when not. Also factors like whether special mattresses or support surfaces are being used will affect the rate at which people will need to be repositioned. Skin inspection should also determine the repositioning needs of individual patient needs. Physical care routines should therefore apply repositioning by alternating residents / patients between sitting, standing, lying; particularly whether people can engage in physical activities during the day. Short walks, encouraging movement or moving residents between different rooms within residential care (such as between communal lounges, gardens conservatories etc) where possible will provide health benefits as well as reducing relief from pressure sores by shifting body weight through movement and activity. For those with severe immobilisation or those who are bed bound, rotating body weight for lying on back to sitting in bed etc should be maintained along with regular small shifts in body movement (adjusting pillow position, angle at which sitting). Written repositioning schedules are also good practice in places of residence (such as nursing homes) where multiple caring staff will be applying the turning and repositioning of the patient – this will help to ensure that the devised schedule of movements is followed. d) Supporting literature Journal Articles Pandya, N. (2003) ‘Diabetes management in long-term-care’ Caring for the Ages Vol. 4 No. 2 p21-24 Richens, Y. Stephens F. Bick, D. Morrell, C. Loftus-Hills, A. Duff, L. (2003) ‘Pressure ulcer risk assessment and prevention: Improving practice, improving care’ Clinical practice Guidelines, Royal College of Nursing. Vohra, R. McCollum, C (1994) ‘Fortnightly Review: Pressure Sores’ British Medical Journal Vol. 309 p853 857 Zulkowski, K (2003) ‘Protecting your patient’s aging skin’ Nursing Reports Nuffield Institute for Health NHS Centre for reviews and dissemination (1995) ‘The prevention and treatment of pressure sores: How useful are the measures for scoring peoples risk of developing a pressure sore?’ Effective Healthcare Bulletin Internet resources www.helptheaged.org.uk www.nelh.nhs.uk

Equal But Different Essay -- essays research papers

For centuries blacks have suffered discrimination from the white society. They were thought to be uncivilized because of their dark skin color. Today, discrimination against skin color no longer exists legally in the United States. Public schools and workplaces are mixed with a variety colors and races from different countries. Though, it may seem that skin color doesn’t matter in society, the majority of society only make close friends or marry someone from their own race. Most of these feelings towards another of a different skin color are deeply rooted in our minds from previous generations. Their mentality prevents them from behaving the same. Difference in behavior from a multicolored society is evident in schools, in society, and in television. Most teenagers only hang around people from their own race. There is evidence of this in the school cafeteria. The cafeteria is split up in two parts. On one side, black teenagers eat with their same-colored friends. On the other side, whites and latinos sit separately in their own tables. Someone might say, â€Å"Well, that group sits apart from the other because they don’t speak the same language as the other group†. You mean to tell me that no black or latino can speak English. If skin color doesn’t matter then why doesn’t everyone sit together at lunch? When everyone is growing up they imagine themselves getting married to someone perfect with their skin-color. With a few exceptions, the majority of the population marries someo...